1. Ukuhlukahluka kwemboni yokupakisha yepulasitiki
Uma sivula umlando wezikhwama zepulasitiki, sizothola ukuthi ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki kunomlando weminyaka engaphezu kwe-100.Manje ngekhulu lama-21, isayensi nobuchwepheshe buyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, izinto ezintsha nobuchwepheshe obusha buyaqhubeka nokuvela, i-polyethylene, iphepha, ucwecwe lwe-aluminium, amapulasitiki ahlukahlukene, izinto eziyinhlanganisela nezinye izinto zokupakisha zisetshenziswa kabanzi, ukupakishwa kwe-aseptic, ukupakishwa kwe-shockproof, anti- ukupakisha okumile, ukupakisha okulwa nezingane, ukuhlanganisa inhlanganisela, ukupakisha okuyinhlanganisela, ukupakishwa kwezokwelapha kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe kuya ngokuya kukhula, sekuvela amafomu amasha okupakisha nezinto ezifana nezikhwama zepulasitiki zokumisa, okuqinise umsebenzi wokupakisha. izindlela eziningi.
2. Izinkinga zokuphepha zezinto zepulasitiki
Esikhathini esidlule, izikhwama zepulasitiki zokupakisha zaziqukethe izinto ze-plasticizer kanye ne-bisphenol A (BPA), eziyingozi empilweni yabantu, futhi izindaba ezinjalo zazivame ukuvela.Ngakho-ke, inkolelo yabantu yokupakisha ipulasitiki “inobuthi futhi ayinampilo”.Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abathengisi abangenangqondo basebenzisa izinto ezingahlangabezani nezidingo ukuze banciphise izindleko, okuqinisa isithombe esibi sezinto zepulasitiki.Ngenxa yale miphumela emibi, abantu banezinga elithile lokumelana nokupakishwa kwepulasitiki, kodwa empeleni, amapulasitiki asetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukudla anesethi ephelele ye-EU kanye nemithetho kazwelonke, futhi izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa amabhizinisi kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo zale mithetho. , okuhlanganisa nemithetho eqinile ye-EU kanye nemithetho enemininingwane eminingi ye-REACH ezintweni zepulasitiki ezihlangana nokudla.
I-British Plastics Federation BPF yabonisa ukuthi ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki yamanje akuphephile kuphela, kodwa futhi kwenza umnikelo obalulekile empilweni yomphakathi kanye nenqubekelaphambili yomphakathi wesintu.
3. Ama-biopolymer awonakaliswayo aba yinketho entsha yezinto zokupakisha
Ukuvela kwezinto ezibolayo ezibolayo kwenza izinto zokupakisha zibe yisinqumo esisha.Ukuzinza kokudla, ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yokupakishwa kwezinto ze-biopolymer kuhlolwe kaningi futhi kwaqinisekiswa, okukufakazele ngokugcwele ukuthi izikhwama zokupakisha ezibolayo ziwumpakheji ophelele wokudla emhlabeni.
Njengamanje, ama-polymers abolayo angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezimbili: ezemvelo nezokwenziwa.Ama-polymers emvelo awonakele ahlanganisa isitashi, i-cellulose, i-polysaccharides, i-chitin, i-chitosan kanye nokuphuma kwayo, njll.;ama-polymers okwenziwa okonakaliswa ahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ukuhlanganiswa kokwenziwa kanye ne-bacterial.Ama-polymer awonakaliswayo ahlanganiswe amagciwane ahlanganisa i-poly Hydroxyalkyl alcohol esters (PHAs), i-poly(malate), ama-polymers okwenziwa okonakaliswayo ahlanganisa i-polyhydroxyester, i-polycaprolactone (PCL), i-polycyanoacrylate (PACA), njll.
Kulezi zinsuku, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwempilo yezinto ezibonakalayo, abantu banaka kakhulu ukupakishwa kwemikhiqizo, futhi ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kokupakisha sekuye kwaba nemigomo ecacile.Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuqalisa ukupakisha okuluhlaza okunobungani kwemvelo nokungangcolisi sekube yisihloko esisha izinkampani zokupakisha ezweni lami eseziqalile ukugxila kukho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-03-2023